The Lemon test, from Lemon v. Kurtzman (1971), required government actions to pass three standards: (1) a secular purpose, (2) a primary effect that neither advances nor inhibits religion, and (3) no excessive government entanglement with religion. It was the dominant framework for Establishment Clause cases for 50 years. The Supreme Court formally abandoned it in Kennedy v. Bremerton (2022), replacing it with a "historical practice and understanding" standard. Courts still consider secular purpose and coercion in their analyses even without the formal Lemon framework.