The National Security Act of 1947 (Pub.L. 80-253) fundamentally reorganized U.S. national security structures after World War II. It created the Central Intelligence Agency to coordinate foreign intelligence, established the National Security Council to advise the President, and unified the Army, Navy, and newly created Air Force under a single Secretary of Defense. The Act gave the CIA broad authority to collect intelligence and conduct "other functions" — language later interpreted to authorize covert action. Congress amended the Act in 1991 through the Intelligence Authorization Act to formally define covert action and require presidential findings. The Act is codified primarily in Title 50 of the U.S. Code, which governs national security and intelligence law.