The Constitution gives Congress power to remove presidents, vice presidents, judges, and federal officials through impeachment. The House votes to impeach (indict) by simple majority. The Senate then holds a trial requiring a two-thirds vote to convict and remove.
Only three presidents faced Senate trials: Andrew Johnson (1868), Bill Clinton (1999), and Donald Trump (twice, in 2020 and 2021). None were convicted, though Richard Nixon resigned in 1974 before the House voted. The Senate has convicted and removed eight federal judges since 1789.
The 25th Amendment also lets the vice president and Cabinet remove a president they deem unable to serve, though this has never happened. States set their own removal procedures for governors and legislators, typically through recall elections or legislative votes. Removal protects democracy from officials who abuse power, but the high conviction threshold means it rarely succeeds.