Article I: The Legislative Branch and Its Constitutional Powers

Article I of the U.S. Constitution establishes Congress as the first and most extensively described branch of government, granting it the power to make laws, levy taxes, regulate commerce, declare war, and confirm executive appointments. The 2025-26 SCOTUS term—testing whether Congress's trade delegation to the President under IEEPA exceeds Article I limits—illustrates that Article I's enumerated powers remain actively contested. Congress has delegated broad authority to the executive over decades, and courts are now revisiting the boundaries of that delegation.