JCPOA is finalized and signed by Iran and P5+1

After two years of intensive negotiations and months of technical wrangling, Iran and the P5+1 finalize the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) in Vienna. The agreement commits Iran to unprecedented nuclear restrictions—capping enrichment at 3.65% for 15 years, reducing centrifuge numbers by 66%, redesigning the Arak reactor, and allowing continuous IAEA monitoring. In return, international sanctions are lifted phased over time. The deal is a comprehensive, verifiable agreement that replaces confrontation with cooperation.