What specific economic trigger sparked Iran's December 28, 2025 protests?

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The rial's collapse to a record low against the dollar on December 28, 2025 triggered the protests. The currency lost 50% of its value in 2025 alone, and inflation hit 50%. Shopkeepers in Tehran's Saadi Street and near the Grand Bazaar—merchants who helped topple the shah in 1979—rallied first. The Central Bank chief resigned the same day. This shows how economic crises threaten authoritarian regimes: when people can't afford basics, they blame the government, and merchants with economic leverage can amplify the pressure.

What specific economic trigger sparked Iran's December 28, 2025 protests?

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