Virginia's 2023 History and Social Science Standards of Learning (SOL), which replaced the 2015 version following extensive educator and community feedback, include a required 12th-grade course covering both Virginia and United States Government — distinctive for integrating state and federal government into a single required course. The course addresses Enlightenment and constitutional foundations, the structure and functions of both Virginia and federal government, separation of powers and checks and balances, federalism, civil liberties and rights, campaigns and elections, public policy, and digital-age civic engagement. Companion instructional guides published with the 2023 standards support teachers with supporting questions, skills in practice, and cross-grade connections. Students demonstrate mastery through SOL assessments; no separate USCIS-based civics test is required.