House passes Deporting Fraudsters Act 231-186 on party-line vote

The House passed , the Deporting Fraudsters Act of 2026, on March 18 by a vote of . All 211 voting Republicans supported the bill. Twenty Democrats crossed party lines to vote yes, mostly from swing and border districts. The remaining 186 Democrats voted no.

The 20 Democrats who voted yes include Rep. Henry Cuellar (TX-28) and Rep. Vicente Gonzalez (TX-34), both of whom represent South 🤠Texas border districts that voted for Trump in 2024. Other crossover Democrats came from competitive swing districts in 🗽New York, 🌽Iowa, 🚗Michigan, and 🍁New Hampshire. House Minority Leader Hakeem Jeffries held 186 Democrats in opposition but couldn't prevent the crossovers.

Rep. DTDave Taylor of 🌰Ohio sponsored the bill. It amends Sections 212 and 237 of the Immigration and Nationality Act to add benefits fraud as an explicit ground for deportation and inadmissibility. It specifically covers fraud involving SNAP, Medicaid, Social Security, and other federal programs. Taylor said: "If an illegal alien defrauds the United States or steals benefits from our nation's most vulnerable, they should be permanently removed from our country."

A contested provision allows immigration officers to initiate deportation when they find a noncitizen admitted to the "essential elements" of benefits fraud, even without a criminal conviction. Critics say this lets statements made in administrative benefits hearings be used as admissions of fraud in deportation proceedings, without the protections a criminal trial would provide. Jeffries cited this provision specifically on the House floor as a due process risk.

Anyone found to have committed benefits fraud under the bill permanently loses eligibility for all immigration relief, including cancellation of removal, asylum, and adjustment of status. The Personal Responsibility and Work Opportunity Reconciliation Act of 1996 already bars most undocumented immigrants from federal benefits, so the bill's main targets are legal noncitizens who fraudulently receive benefits they don't qualify for.

Senators TCTed Cruz, JCJohn Cornyn, and Mike Lee introduced , the Senate companion bill, in November 2025. But advancing it requires 60 votes to end debate. Republicans hold 53 seats, seven short of that threshold. Senate Minority Leader Chuck Schumer declared the bill "dead on arrival."

House Speaker MJMike Johnson scheduled the vote knowing the Senate would block it. Republicans immediately used the 186 Democratic no votes in campaign materials, framing Democrats as opposing deportation for welfare fraud. Democrats called the vote a manufactured political trap. House Judiciary Chair Jim Jordan backed the bill and helped manage it through committee before the floor vote.

Under existing law before this bill, fraud to obtain immigration benefits was already a deportation ground. What the bill adds is fraud against non-immigration federal programs like SNAP and Medicaid. Congress has expanded deportation grounds in major immigration legislation in 1996 and 2002, making H.R. 1958 part of a decades-long pattern of incrementally widening the categories of conduct that trigger removal.