AI political economy examines how artificial intelligence technologies redistribute economic benefits and costs across different groups of workers, industries, and communities, and how those redistributions map onto political coalitions and electoral outcomes. Researchers across economic and political science have documented that AI disproportionately threatens white-collar, educated, and often female workers, while creating new roles primarily for vocationally trained workers. Because these occupational divides correlate with partisan alignment in the United States, AI's labor market disruptions may have measurable effects on voter economic security, party identification, and electoral outcomes. Palantir CEO Alex Karp explicitly framed this dynamic in March 2026, arguing that AI makes the economic position of "Democratic-shaped" workers less powerful while strengthening that of working-class, vocational workers.