Article I of the U.S. Constitution establishes a two-chamber Congress: the House of Representatives and the Senate. For a bill to become law, both chambers must pass identical text. If the House and Senate pass different versions of the same bill, the differences must be resolved through a conference committee or one chamber must adopt the other's version before the president can sign or veto it. This requirement prevents either chamber from unilaterally making law and forces compromise between the House's population-proportional representation and the Senate's equal-state representation.