J.W. Hampton, Jr. & Co. v. United States, 276 U.S. 394 (1928), upheld Congress's delegation of tariff-setting authority to the President under the "intelligible principle" test. The Court held that Congress provided sufficient guidance by directing tariffs to "equalize" costs of production between domestic and foreign goods.
This case established the framework for evaluating nondelegation challenges. Modern critics argue IEEPA and other statutes fail this test by giving presidents nearly unlimited emergency powers without clear congressional constraints.