The 21st Amendment grants each state and territory power to regulate intoxicating liquors within their jurisdiction, creating a patchwork of regulations that vary by state, county, and city. Seventeen states and several local jurisdictions control distilled spirits sales through government agencies at the wholesale level, with 13 jurisdictions also operating government package stores for retail sales. The remaining states use the license model, allowing private businesses to distribute and sell alcohol. The three-tier system, established after Prohibition''s 1933 repeal, requires separation between manufacturers, distributors, and retailers to prevent industry consolidation and ensure market competition. The Alcohol and Tobacco Tax and Trade Bureau enforces federal laws governing production, importation, wholesale distribution, labeling, and advertising. Congress passed the National Minimum Drinking Age Act on July 17, 1984, requiring states to set their minimum purchase age at 21 or lose 10 percent of federal highway funding. Prohibition''s legacy persists in archaic liquor laws, with Mississippi holding onto prohibition until 1966, the last state to repeal it.