Removal proceedings under INA § 240 are the formal administrative proceedings conducted in immigration court to determine whether a non-citizen should be deported. The process typically begins with a master calendar hearing (an initial scheduling and arraignment-like appearance) and may proceed to an individual calendar hearing where evidence and testimony are presented. Non-citizens have the right to an attorney at their own expense, the right to present evidence, and the right to appeal to the Board of Immigration Appeals and then to a federal circuit court. However, unlike criminal proceedings, there is no constitutional right to appointed counsel for those who cannot afford it. The Trump administration's use of "mega masters" — bulk rescheduling of hundreds of cases into single hearings with minimal notice — compresses and effectively eliminates the procedural safeguards built into this system.