P5+1 and Iran Sign JCPOA Nuclear Deal in Vienna

The United States, United Kingdom, France, Germany, Russia, China, and Iran signed the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action in Vienna on July 14, 2015, after 20 months of intensive negotiations. The deal required Iran to reduce its uranium enrichment to 3.67%, cut its centrifuge count to 5,060, and permit unprecedented IAEA inspections in exchange for lifting sanctions worth approximately $100 billion in frozen assets. The agreement was implemented as an executive agreement rather than a Senate-ratified treaty, leaving it vulnerable to future presidential reversal.