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August 5, 1963court rulingcriminal justiceconstitutional rightspublic defensecriminal justicecivil libertiesaccess to justice

Gideon retried with court-appointed counsel, acquitted after one hour of deliberation, as Florida reviews 2,000 other convictions

Five months after the Supreme Court's ruling, Florida retried Clarence Earl Gideon in the same Panama City courtroom where he had been convicted without a lawyer. Court-appointed attorney W. Fred Turner cross-examined the state's key witness, Henry Cook, and established that Cook was himself present at the poolroom during the burglary — undermining his testimony. The jury acquitted Gideon in less than an hour. Florida subsequently reviewed approximately 2,000 cases of prisoners who had been convicted without counsel and freed or retried them.