Congress grants citizenship to Native Americans while states still block voting

Congress enacts the Indian Citizenship Act on June 2, 1924, granting U.S. citizenship to Native Americans born within the territorial limits of the United States. Many Native people are already citizens through other laws or treaties, but the Act creates a national citizenship rule. Citizenship does not guarantee equal voting access. Some states continue to block Native people from voting through residency rules, guardianship theories, and other barriers. Native citizenship and voting rights reveal how formal citizenship can coexist with racial exclusion and state resistance.