States cannot prosecute federal agents for on-duty actions.

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False. Federal officers can claim Supremacy Clause immunity, but it's not absolute. Federal courts apply a two-part test: the agent's actions must be (a) authorized by federal law and (b) "necessary and proper" in fulfilling federal duties. If actions are unauthorized, unlawful, unnecessary, or improper, state prosecution poses no Supremacy Clause problem. Cases are removed to federal court where judges decide if immunity applies.

States cannot prosecute federal agents for on-duty actions.

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