The Federal Circuit's 7-4 decision means seven judges voted that Trump's tariffs were illegal and four judges voted that the tariffs were legal.

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Yes—the Federal Circuit has 11 active judges, and the case was heard en banc (by all judges together rather than a 3-judge panel). Seven judges voted that Trump exceeded his IEEPA authority and the tariffs were illegal. Four judges dissented. This 7-4 split matters because it wasn't a narrow ruling—a decisive majority of the appellate court agreed Congress didn't give the president power to impose broad tariffs. The government needed to convince the Supreme Court that all seven judges in the majority misread IEEPA's text and legislative history.

The Federal Circuit's 7-4 decision means seven judges voted that Trump's tariffs were illegal and four judges voted that the tariffs were legal.

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