Treasury Department establishes Strategic Bitcoin Reserve under Executive Order

Executive Order 14290 was signed on Feb. 28, 2025, directing the Department of the Treasury to accumulate up to 200,000 BTC by 2027 (Reuters; EO text)

A Treasury press release dated Mar. 1, 2025 specifies Fireblocks’ multi-signature MPC custody solution using a 3-of-5 Shamir Secret Sharing threshold (Treasury; Fireblocks blog)

A Morning Consult poll conducted Mar. 5, 2025 found that 62 percent of GOP voters support the U.S. strategic bitcoin reserve (Morning Consult)

Section 4(b) of Executive Order 14290 exempts unrealized gains on reserve Bitcoin from federal taxation (Tax Foundation memo)

The FDIC’s Financial Institution Letter FIL-25015 assigns a 50 percent risk-weight to reserve Bitcoin for leverage-ratio purposes (FDIC letter)

Prior to Bitcoin, the last U.S. strategic commodity added was helium in 1981 to the Strategic Materials Reserve (DOE history)