The 120th Congress is sworn in after 2026 midterm elections

Members of the 120th Congress take the oath of office on January 3, 2027, following the November 3, 2026, midterm elections. The House will elect its Speaker in a vote of all members-elect before swearing in the new Congress. Control of both chambers will be determined by the November results. If Democrats win the House, Hakeem Jeffries would become Speaker. If Republicans retain the majority, Mike Johnson or another Republican would continue as Speaker. New Senate members from the 35 contested seats also begin their six-year terms on this date.